1. Define Primary research - This is research that the researcher does after doing some secondary research first on their chosen topic. Primary research can be for example interviews with people to find out information or observations on a certain group depending on the chosen topic. This method is used in the media industry to find out if people would like to see a film based on someones idea for example. These questions can also be used for Market research and can be used to determine if or not your idea will work based on the results. A good media related example of this is "Spiderman" the film that came out in 2002. The following is an extract that was taken from the BBFC article which is linked here "in 2001 the BBFC carried out a pilot in Norwich allowing under 12s to see the 12 rated films showing during the eight week pilot period. The outcome was that the public was only in favour of making the 12 cinema rating advisory if under 12s were accompanied by an adult throughout the film, and if information about the content of the film, for instance, 'Contains a single use of strong language and moderate violence' - BBFCinsight - was available on publicity material and was included in local cinema listings. The BBFC then carried out a national survey in May 2002 and got almost identical results, with over 70% of people supporting the introduction of 12A, as it is now known, provided children under 12 were accompanied by an adult and Consumer Advice was available to help them make informed decisions about what their children could watch."
2/3 What did you do? - For my research I conducted both interviews and also made a questionnaire that I made online using Survey Monkey. The questionnaire was sent out online using social media and also the colleges email system. The interviews for the documentary were conducted in different rooms around college and asked questions based on the topic such as "Do you prefer buying physical or digital music".
Interview during the filming of the documentary.
Interview during the filming of the documentary.
Secondary Research
1. Define Secondary research - This is research that the researcher finds and uses from a source for example it could be checking out results from other researchers questionnaires or reading articles on the chosen subject. In the media world this can be useful for checking historical accuracy in a film set during the wild west for example. This research method is then used to check the clothes what people used to wear in the past and what happened in certain events e.g. during a war, who won who lost. An example of this found in media would be the Titanic film, as an article on Empireonline mentions "In preparation for the most challenging job of her career, Scott spent months researching every available scrap of information on how people dressed in 1912, poring over newspapers, magazines, catalogues, personal journals and archives, including that of the White Star Line. So intensive was her research, it often surprised even her." The link to the full article can be found here.
2/3. What did you do? - For secondary research I read articles online, watched a short film (12 Minutes running time) which discussed about my topic and helped to present new information. In addition i also watched a video from user "The Needle Drop" (Online music reviewer, pictured below).
1. Define Secondary research - This is research that the researcher finds and uses from a source for example it could be checking out results from other researchers questionnaires or reading articles on the chosen subject. In the media world this can be useful for checking historical accuracy in a film set during the wild west for example. This research method is then used to check the clothes what people used to wear in the past and what happened in certain events e.g. during a war, who won who lost. An example of this found in media would be the Titanic film, as an article on Empireonline mentions "In preparation for the most challenging job of her career, Scott spent months researching every available scrap of information on how people dressed in 1912, poring over newspapers, magazines, catalogues, personal journals and archives, including that of the White Star Line. So intensive was her research, it often surprised even her." The link to the full article can be found here.
2/3. What did you do? - For secondary research I read articles online, watched a short film (12 Minutes running time) which discussed about my topic and helped to present new information. In addition i also watched a video from user "The Needle Drop" (Online music reviewer, pictured below).
Quantitative Research
1. Define Quantitative research - This is research that is presented in a statistical format using numbers e.g. bar graphs and tally charts (Microsoft Excel). For example this could be a list of who gave what answer in a multiple choice question on a questionnaire. Questions that lead to this type of data can be questions such as "How old are you?" and "How many hours of TV a day do you watch?" for example. A media related use for this can be viewing figures that BARB provide as seen in the screen shot below.
2/3. What did you do? - For my own research I made use of Quantitative research by making an online questionnaire and sent it out to around 20 different people of different age groups. From here I analysed the results, however this only affected multiple choice questions within in the questionnaire. In addition to this I also looked up sales figures of physical and digital formats of music, these were presented in a mix of bar charts and also just the numerical data (e.g. New release on CD was 318,000 units first week compared to digital sales of 500,000 for the same album). Examples of how I used Quantitative research are seen below.
Qualitative Research
1. Define Qualitative research - This is research that is presented in a written form and could be for example someones answer to a question on a questionnaire e.g. what their view on a certain subject is and why. Questions that lead to this type of data can be questions such as "What are your most recent views on mainstream media?" or "How did this make you feel" for example. A media related example of this could be the website TVguide.co.uk who collect ratings on programmes and also collect opinions such as the example below.
2/3. What did you do? - For my own research I made use of Qualitative data in the form of answers in my questions and also from the articles I read up online. In my questionnaire that I sent out I asked questions that were Qualitative, these are seen below.
Data Gathering Agency's
Explain what BARB/Other Similar sites do - They are the official source and go to guide for the UK's viewing figures for TV. Boxofficemojo for example also have viewing figures but these are for film instead of Television. In addition Boxofficemojo also includes how many cinemas the film was shown in as well as the exact amount of money that it grossed. IMDb in addition also shows these figures, however these are not as detailed as Boxofficemojo's statistics.
Audience and Market Research
What is it? - Audience research: This type of research is used to get a better understanding of the audience that your film or idea may be aimed at, as mentioned previously the people who made the Spiderman film done alot of this to get an idea if the 12A age rating would work or not. Market research: helps to gain information about target markets or consumers. Market research provides important information to identify and analyze the market need, market size and competition.
What did you do? - For this I looked into finding out audience behavior such as if or not they would be interested in watching a 3 minute mini documentary on a topic to do with music. In addition I also made sure that I looked into audience awareness, making sure that I learned if many people had already heard of a 3 minute wonder in the first place. Lastly I also looked into audience profiling, I got to ask questions based on if they liked my chosen topic and if they would be interested to learn more.
The Audience research from our project - I used Survey monkey to help with the audience profiling and to gauge any potential interest on the topic from the people I sent the questionnaire to.
Production Research
What is it? - This research will allow you to identify what resources you will need to launch the end product and whether your film would be profitable within the current market for example. Production research will give you an idea of what factors, could affect the production of your film, these factors can be controllable but also uncontrollable. Factors include pricing, promotion and distribution and consumer spend rates for example.
What is it? - This research will allow you to identify what resources you will need to launch the end product and whether your film would be profitable within the current market for example. Production research will give you an idea of what factors, could affect the production of your film, these factors can be controllable but also uncontrollable. Factors include pricing, promotion and distribution and consumer spend rates for example.
What did you do? - For this I looked into locations for potential shooting, these were mainly for the interview sections of the documentary. In terms of finance there wasn't anything that would be a problem, I pretty much had access to everything I needed via college or at home. For the content of the of documentary I brainstormed some ideas of what else I needed to film to make the documentary enjoyable to watch. In addition I also looked up other related music documentaries to see what they had included with the interviews they had conducted. In terms of personnel (people to interview) I simply chose a mix of two adults and two college students to get different responses and views on the subject matter.
Accessing Research Data
Reliability -
1. In my research people were tested and asked questions on the questionnaire and also within the interviews. The consistent conditions were that the person being asked couldn't simply skip the questions being asked and I found that everyone who was asked answered everything that was needed to get results.
2. One problem did arise in the questionnaire in that one person answered the questions incorrectly and their results were not counted for the ones they did this on.
3. This work did relate to my work for the unit as I was able to determine if people would be interested in the topic I had chosen for the mini documentary. In addition is also showed me that a number of people did in fact know about 3 Minute wonders in the first place, meaning in terms of the people I asked I wasn't making anything that might have confused people at first.
Validity -
1. In my research people were asked and tested on the same questions each time (as seen in the survey monkey questionnaire) in addition to that people in the interviews were asked the same questions, although I did leave space for any open questions to ask based on their feedback (semi structured in other words).
2. I had a problem when it came to editing the documentary as my questions would be mostly different for each person I interviewed, however they all answered the set questions which did help in the editing process.
3. I believe that this helped my as a whole as I think everyone answered the questions with their own views and thoughts on the subject. I think this was mostly down to the fact that nothing being asked was personal to peoples lives to where it could make someone feel uncomfortable for example. I also believe this to have been the case with the survey monkey questionnaire, again because nothing was personal I think that people responded with their own views.
Representativeness and Generalisability
Were the participants representative of the population? - The population that were given the questionnaire were not representative of all ages and could instead be seen as representative of young people. However one person over the age of 50 was asked, although there is a huge gap in age as the second oldest to be asked was 27 years old. Id say overall that the people asked were representative/generalisable of the younger age group that was in my target audience.
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